Improvement in evaporating-pans



yMAPI-IS' & CDX.

' Evaporati'ng Pan. y No. 4,352. l Patented 1any-7, 41846.v

NWS

N. PETERS mwwnognpw, wningm. nA c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT ONICE..

J. J. MAPES AND W. A. COX, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT 'IN vEVAPORATiNG-PNS.

Speclfat'ion forming part ot' Letters Pat-ent No. 4,352, dated January7, 1846.

vTo all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, JAMEs J. MAPEs and WILLIAM A. Cox, of the city ot'ANew York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and ImprovedApparatus for Heating. Evaporating, and Ooncentrating Fluids by the Heatot' Steam 5 and we do hereby declare that the following is a full andexact description thereof with reference to drawings hereto annexed,illustrating our invention. v This apparatus may be applied to themaking of sugar, the distillat-ion .of the various spirits and essentialoils, concentrating solu-v tions ot' salts and extracts ot' dye-woods,heatmg animal and vegetable oils for purification, and, 1n short, to theheating, evaporating, or concentrating of all liquids of whatevernature, or to the heat-ing of atmospheric air for drying processes.

It consists of a series of short straight pipes,

A, of copper or other metal, communicating at each end with ametallicbox or tube, B B,

running the whole length ofthe series-an arrangement which offers theleast possible obstruction to the circulation of the steam and permitsthe pipes A to be laid at such an inehnation as will insure theimmediate running oft' ofthe condensed water as it forms. Steam isadmitted from the boiler or vessel in which it is generated into the boxB, with which the raised ends of the .pipes communicate. ,from whence itpasses into and tills the pipes, and there yields up its heat, which,being transmit-` ted through the copper or material ofthe pipes,

heats or evaporatesthe tluid surrounding them.

The water formed by condensation of the steam flows into the box B atthe lower ends of the pipes, from whence it is conducted away either towaste or into a cistern for resupplying the steam-boiler. The pipes areinclined not less than an inch or three-fourths of an inch in a foot,the inclination being greater as the length of the pipes is greater, asit is important that the water should not be suffered to accumulate inthem, owing to the injurious effect it has upon their evaporating-powcr.In order that thecondensed water may be got rid ot' without lettingsteamfescape, there may be connected with the box B some one of the manycontrivan'ces for this purpose now in use-for example, a vessel, O, inwhich is a ball-cock, so arranged as to let off the water only.

To enable others to make and use our invention in the most efficientmanner, we will proceed to describe the mode in which we construct anevaporator and pan for the purpose of boiling a solution of sugar.

The pan D (see drawings annexed) contains two series of copper pipes, AA, a little less than rive feet in length. The bottom of the pan has aninclination from the ends toward the middle of about one inch to thefoot, and as the pipes rest upon the bottomthey have a like inclination.Across the middle of the pan is a gutter, d, which receives the sirup asit runs down the bottom and conducts it to the center, where thedischarge-valve E is placed. The discharge-valve is controlled by alever,

F, which permits of its being raised from the p outside. The steam-boxesB B of both series connect to one steam-pipe, G, in which is astopvalve,H. for shutting off the steam, and connected with this stop-valve is thepipe I, leading from the steam-boiler. The boxes for the steam andcondensed water are of cast-brass. The steam-box Bis rectangular. (SeeFig. 4 for a cut section of boxes and pipes, enlarged size.) One sidehas openings in it, into which the pipes are screwed. The other side isclosed by a cap, J. The cap is also rectangular, and resembles a boxhaving only the top, bottom, and one side, and when in place looks likea box of smaller dimensions fitted into the side of one of largerdimensions. The inside of the top and bottom of' the box and the outsideof the ,top and bottoni of the cap are planed, to make a better joint,and in planing the box a rabbet or shoulder, I), is left upon the topand bottom, against which the cap comes. Red lead oi1 some suitablesubstance is put in the joint, andthe surfaces are brought vtogether byscrew-boltsj, passing through the cap and box. The water-box B', theform ot' which is not essential, but for convenience is madesemi-elliptical, is cast entirely closed, except the openings into whichthe pipes screw and an opening in the under side and near one end,through which the condensed water is led away. -The pipes A are formedinthe usual way by rounding up a piece of copper of the proper width andlength and brazing the edges together. lI`he ends of the pipes are drawnin a little, and have brass collars a a brazed upon them, upon which thescrew-thread is. cut.

The end which screws into thewater-box is so much smaller than the otherend as to permit t to pass through L -e hole in the steam-box nto whichthe other end fits, and the pipe is screwed into both boxes at the sametime.

The form of the cap above described for closing the steam-box ispreferable to any other Whieh'we have used, for two reasons. It forms ajoint impervious to Water and steam, and it permits the apparatus to lieclose to the bottom of the pan, by which means a small charge of Sirupean be boiled. It is an established fact in sugar-making thatv the lessthe quantity of j uiee or sirup operated upon and the shorter the timeit is under treatment the better will be the result, both as to quantityand quality.

W'e clam- The employment Within an evaporating-pan of a series ofinclined tubes, in combination with an upper and lower box or tube, theformer communicating with the upper end of the series of inelinedpipesfor the admission ot steam to them, and the latter with the lower end ofthe series for the discharge of steam and Water produced bycondensation, substantially as described.

JAS. J. MAPES. VM. A. COX.

Vitnesses:

T. B. VAKEMAM- JOHN W. CHAMBERS.

